最近做一个项目，开始是使用WebView与JS交互的，由于内存管理方面WebView欠佳。WKWebVIew的内存线程管理好，所以选择使用 WKWebVIew(使用WKWebView 的缺点在于，这个控件加载的H5页面不支持ajax请求，所以需要自己把网络请求在OC上实现)。
一、首先说下应该注意的问题：
1.要获取拍照或相册的图片，如果是iOS 10系统，需要设置访问权限（在 Info-plist 中设置）
相机权限： Privacy - Camera Usage Description 是否允许此App使用你的相机？
相册权限： Privacy - Photo Library Usage Description 是否允许此App访问你的媒体资料库？
2.WebView和WKWebView和JS互调的方法和使用的传参类型不同
WebView 使用 （window.iosModel.getImage(JSON.stringify(parameter)); //JSON.stringify(参数字符串) 这个方法是 把字符串转换成json字符串 parameter是参数字符串
）传值给 OC
WKWebView 使用 （window.webkit.messageHandlers.iosModel.postMessage(parameter)）
3.需要特别注意的是：WKWebView 不执行JS写的 ajax请求（WKWebView 可能由于基于 WebKit，并不会执行 C socket 相关的函数对 HTTP 请求进行处理）如果有网络请求，需要自己用OC实现
4.使用的时候不要忘记挂上使用到的代理，和导入代理
@interface ViewController () <WKScriptMessageHandler, WKNavigationDelegate, WKUIDelegate,UINavigationControllerDelegate,UIImagePickerControllerDelegate>
5.屏蔽WebView的可选菜单（即不会出现拷贝、全选等弹出菜单）在加载完成后的代理中执行以下两段JS
// 导航完成时，会回调（也就是页面载入完成了）
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation {
NSLog(@"66===%s", __FUNCTION__);
// 禁用选中效果
[self.webView evaluateJavaScript:@"document.documentElement.style.webkitUserSelect='none'" completionHandler:nil];
[self.webView evaluateJavaScript:@"document.documentElement.style.webkitTouchCallout='none'" completionHandler:nil];
}
二、代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<h3>JS与iOS交互</h3>
<h4>JS页面获取iOS系统图片</h5>
</div>
<div>
<input type = "button" style="width: 50%;height: 5%;" id="Button" value="打开相机获取图片" onclick="getIOSImage()"></button>
</div><dir />
<div>
<img src="testImage.png" id="changeImage"style="width: 30%; height: 30%;" onclick="getIOSImage()"><!--src="图片的相对路径" 如果把html文件导入工程中，图片路径和OC一样只写图片名字和后缀就可以，（记得要先把图片添加到工程） 图片也可以实现按钮的方法getIOSImage -->
</div>
<span id="iosParame" style="width: 200px; height: 50%; color:orangered; font-size:15px" value="等待获取ios参数" >
</div>
<script>
var getIOSImage = function(){
var parameter = {'title':'JS调OC','describe':'这里就是JS传给OC的参数'};
// 在下面这里实现js 调用系统原生api iosDelegate
//JSON.stringify(参数字符串) 这个方法是 把字符串转换成json字符串
window.iosDelegate.getImage(JSON.stringify(parameter));// 实现数据的 json 格式字符串
}
// 这里是 iOS调用js的方法
function setImageWithPath(arguments){
document.getElementById('changeImage').src = arguments['imagePath'];
document.getElementById('iosParame').innerHTML = arguments['iosContent'];
}
</script>
</body>
</html><pre name="code" class="objc">#import "ViewController.h"
#import <JavaScriptCore/JavaScriptCore.h>
#import <WebKit/WebKit.h>
#import "SaveImage_Util.h"
@interface ViewController () <WKScriptMessageHandler, WKNavigationDelegate, WKUIDelegate,UINavigationControllerDelegate,UIImagePickerControllerDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, strong) WKWebView *webView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIProgressView *progressView;
@end
@implementation ViewController
{
int indextNumb;// 交替图片名字
UIImage *getImage;//获取的图片
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.edgesForExtendedLayout = UIRectEdgeNone;
self.automaticallyAdjustsScrollViewInsets = NO;
WKWebViewConfiguration *config = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc] init];
// 设置偏好设置
config.preferences = [[WKPreferences alloc] init];
// 默认为0
config.preferences.minimumFontSize = 10;
// 默认认为YES
config.preferences.javaScriptEnabled = YES;
// 在iOS上默认为NO，表示不能自动通过窗口打开
config.preferences.javaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically = NO;
// web内容处理池
config.processPool = [[WKProcessPool alloc] init];
// 通过JS与webview内容交互
config.userContentController = [[WKUserContentController alloc] init];
// 注入JS对象名称AppModel，当JS通过AppModel来调用时，
// 我们可以在WKScriptMessageHandler代理中接收到
[config.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"iosModel"];
//通过默认的构造器来创建对象
self.webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds configuration:config];
// 导航代理
self.webView.navigationDelegate = self;
// 与webview UI交互代理
self.webView.UIDelegate = self;
NSURL *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"testJS" withExtension:@"html"];
[self.webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:path]];
[self.view addSubview:self.webView];
// 添加KVO监听
[self.webView addObserver:self
forKeyPath:@"loading"
options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew
context:nil];
[self.webView addObserver:self
forKeyPath:@"title"
options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew
context:nil];
[self.webView addObserver:self
forKeyPath:@"estimatedProgress"
options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew
context:nil];
// 添加进入条
self.progressView = [[UIProgressView alloc] init];
self.progressView.frame = self.view.bounds;
[self.view addSubview:self.progressView];
self.progressView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"后退" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(goback)];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"前进" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(gofarward)];
}
- (void)goback {
if ([self.webView canGoBack]) {
[self.webView goBack];
}
}
- (void)gofarward {
if ([self.webView canGoForward]) {
[self.webView goForward];
}
}
#pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler
// 通过这个方法获取 JS传来的json字符串
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController
didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message
{
if ([message.name isEqualToString:@"iosModel"]) {
// 打印所传过来的参数，只支持NSNumber, NSString, NSDate, NSArray,
// NSDictionary, and NSNull类型
NSLog(@"JS传来的json字符串 ： %@", message.body);
NSDictionary *jsDictionary = message.body;
if ([jsDictionary[@"means"] isEqualToString:@"获取系统图片"])
{
[self beginOpenPhoto];
}
}
}
#pragma mark - KVO
- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
ofObject:(id)object
change:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)change
context:(void *)context {
if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"loading"]) {
NSLog(@"loading");
} else if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"title"]) {
self.title = self.webView.title;
} else if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"estimatedProgress"]) {
NSLog(@"progress: %f", self.webView.estimatedProgress);
self.progressView.progress = self.webView.estimatedProgress;
}
if (!self.webView.loading) {
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{
self.progressView.alpha = 0;
}];
}
}
#pragma mark - WKNavigationDelegate
// 请求开始前，会先调用此代理方法
// 与UIWebView的
// - (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView
// shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request
// navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType;
// 类型，在请求先判断能不能跳转（请求）
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:
(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler {
NSString *hostname = navigationAction.request.URL.host.lowercaseString;
if (navigationAction.navigationType == WKNavigationTypeLinkActivated
&& ![hostname containsString:@".lanou.com"]) {
// 对于跨域，需要手动跳转， 用系统浏览器（Safari）打开
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:navigationAction.request.URL];
// 不允许web内跳转
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel);
} else {
self.progressView.alpha = 1.0;
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
}
}
// 在响应完成时，会回调此方法
// 如果设置为不允许响应，web内容就不会传过来
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView
decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse
decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler {
decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyAllow);
}
// 开始导航跳转时会回调
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation {
}
// 接收到重定向时会回调
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView
didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation {
}
// 导航失败时会回调
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView
didFailProvisionalNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation withError:(NSError *)error {
}
// 页面内容到达main frame时回调
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation {
}
// 导航完成时，会回调（也就是页面载入完成了）
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation {
NSLog(@"66===%s", __FUNCTION__);
// 禁用选中效果
[self.webView evaluateJavaScript:@"document.documentElement.style.webkitUserSelect='none'" completionHandler:nil];
[self.webView evaluateJavaScript:@"document.documentElement.style.webkitTouchCallout='none'" completionHandler:nil];
}
// 导航失败时会回调
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailNavigation:
(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation withError:(NSError *)error
{
}
/* 对于HTTPS的都会触发此代理，如果不要求验证，传默认就行
如果需要证书验证，与使用AFN进行HTTPS证书验证是一样的 */
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:
(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge completionHandler:
(void (^)(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition disposition,
NSURLCredential *__nullable credential))completionHandler
{
completionHandler(NSURLSessionAuthChallengePerformDefaultHandling, nil);
}
// 9.0才能使用，web内容处理中断时会触发
/*
- (void)webViewWebContentProcessDidTerminate:(WKWebView *)webView {
}
*/
#pragma mark - WKUIDelegate
- (void)webViewDidClose:(WKWebView *)webView {
}
/* 在JS端调用alert函数时，会触发此代理方法。JS端调用alert时所传的数据可以通过message拿到 在原生得到结果后，需要回调JS，是通过completionHandler回调 */
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message
initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler
{
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"alert" message:message preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"确定" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
completionHandler();
}]];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:NULL];
NSLog(@"%@", message);
}
// JS端调用confirm函数时，会触发此方法
// 通过message可以拿到JS端所传的数据
// 在iOS端显示原生alert得到YES/NO后
// 通过completionHandler回调给JS端
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView
runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message
initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame
completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL result))completionHandler {
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"confirm" message:message preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"确定"
style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action){
completionHandler(YES);
}]];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消"
style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action)
{
completionHandler(NO);
}]];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:NULL];
NSLog(@"%@", message);
}
// JS端调用prompt函数时，会触发此方法
// 要求输入一段文本
// 在原生输入得到文本内容后，通过completionHandler回调给JS
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView
runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt
defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText
initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame
completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * __nullable result))completionHandler
{
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:prompt message:defaultText preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
[alert addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler:^(UITextField * _Nonnull textField) {
textField.textColor = [UIColor redColor];
}];
[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"确定"
style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
completionHandler([[alert.textFields lastObject] text]);
}]];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:NULL];
}
// 获取图片
- (void)beginOpenPhoto
{
// 主队列 异步打开相机
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[self takePhoto];
});
}
#pragma mark 取消选择照片代理方法
- (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker
{
[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}
#pragma mark //打开本地照片
- (void) localPhoto
{
UIImagePickerController *imagePicker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc]init];
imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
imagePicker.delegate = self;
[self presentViewController:imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil];
}
#pragma mark //打开相机拍照
- (void) takePhoto
{
UIImagePickerControllerSourceType sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera;
if ([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera])
{
UIImagePickerController *picker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc]init];
picker.delegate = self;
picker.allowsEditing = YES;
picker.sourceType = sourceType;
picker.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleCoverVertical;
[self presentViewController:picker animated:YES completion:nil];
}
else
{
NSLog(@"模拟器中不能打开相机");
[self localPhoto];
}
}
// 选择一张照片后进入这里
- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)info
{
NSString *type = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerMediaType];
// 当前选择的类型是照片
if ([type isEqualToString:@"public.image"])
{
// 获取照片
getImage = [info objectForKey:@"UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage"];
NSLog(@"===Decoded image size: %@", NSStringFromCGSize(getImage.size));
// obtainImage 压缩图片 返回原尺寸
indextNumb = indextNumb == 1?2:1;
NSString *nameStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Varify%d.jpg",indextNumb];
[SaveImage_Util saveImage:getImage ImageName:nameStr back:^(NSString *imagePath) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
NSLog(@"图片路径：%@",imagePath);
/**
* 这里是IOS 调 js 其中 setImageWithPath 就是js中的方法 setImageWithPath(),参数是字典
*/
NSString *callJSString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@({\"imagePath\":\"%@\",\"iosContent\":\"获取图片成功，把系统获取的图片路径传给js 让html显示\"})",@"setImageWithPath",imagePath];
[self.webView evaluateJavaScript:callJSString completionHandler:^(id resultObject, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (!error)
{
NSLog(@"OC调 JS成功");
}
else
{
NSLog(@"OC调 JS 失败");
}
}];
});
}];
[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}
}
@end下面是图片处理的 工具类
// SaveImage_Util.h // JS和iOS交互 // // Created by user on 16/10/14. // Copyright © 2016年 user. All rights reserved. // #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface SaveImage_Util : NSObject #pragma mark 保存图片到document + (BOOL)saveImage:(UIImage *)saveImage ImageName:(NSString *)imageName back:(void(^)(NSString *imagePath))back; @end
// SaveImage_Util.m
// JS和iOS交互
//
// Created by user on 16/10/14.
// Copyright © 2016年 user. All rights reserved.
//
#import "SaveImage_Util.h"
@implementation SaveImage_Util
#pragma mark 保存图片到document
+ (BOOL)saveImage:(UIImage *)saveImage ImageName:(NSString *)imageName back:(void(^)(NSString *imagePath))back
{
NSString *path = [SaveImage_Util getImageDocumentFolderPath];
NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(saveImage);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/", path];
// Now we get the full path to the file
NSString *imageFile = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:imageName];
// and then we write it out
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
//如果文件路径存在的话
BOOL bRet = [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:imageFile];
if (bRet)
{
// NSLog(@"文件已存在");
if ([fileManager removeItemAtPath:imageFile error:nil])
{
// NSLog(@"删除文件成功");
if ([imageData writeToFile:imageFile atomically:YES])
{
// NSLog(@"保存文件成功");
back(imageFile);
}
}
else
{
}
}
else
{
if (![imageData writeToFile:imageFile atomically:NO])
{
[fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:documentsDirectory withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
if ([imageData writeToFile:imageFile atomically:YES])
{
back(imageFile);
}
}
else
{
return YES;
}
}
return NO;
}
#pragma mark 从文档目录下获取Documents路径
+ (NSString *)getImageDocumentFolderPath
{
NSString *patchDocument = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/Images", patchDocument];
}
@end以上内容仅供参考，部分内容来之网络，如有重复，请联系修改，谢谢！
欢迎各位同志的交流，如需demo可下载（免费）
作者：Boyqicheng 发表于2016/10/14 11:21:53 原文链接
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