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Android使用ViewDragHelper实现侧滑菜单(一)

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前言

 对于处理View的滑动,除了Android实现滑动的几种方式写到的四种外,Android v4包中还提供了一个ViewDragHelper类来帮助我们更加方便地处理滑动事件,ViewDragHelper使得View与View之间的滑动交互更加简单方便。不过在学习ViewDragHelper处理滑动事件前需要掌握View的事件处理机制,可以参考:Android事件的分发与拦截机制

ViewDragHelper的使用

(1)创建ViewDragHelper

首先需要创建ViewDragHelper(通常在View的构造方法中),ViewDragHelper提供了一个创建它的静态方法,代码如下:

mViewDragHelper = ViewDragHelper.create(this,mCallback);

创建ViewDragHelper需要提供一个回调接口Callback,代码如下:

private ViewDragHelper.Callback mCallback = new ViewDragHelper.Callback(){

    /**
     * 通过比较child来判断何时监听触摸事件
     * @param child
     * @param pointerId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean tryCaptureView(View child, int pointerId) {
        return false;
    }
};

(2)重写onTouchEvent方法,将触摸事件交给ViewDragHelper处理

@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
    // 将触摸事件交给mViewDragHelper处理
    mViewDragHelper.processTouchEvent(event);
    return true;
}

不过这里通常也会将拦截事件的方法交由ViewDragHelper来判断事件拦截,如:

/**
 * 给mViewDragHelper判断是否拦截事件
 * @param ev
 * @return
 */
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
    return mViewDragHelper.shouldInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}

(3)重写computeScroll方法

@Override
public void computeScroll() {
    if(mViewDragHelper.continueSettling(true)){
        ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(this);
    }
}

由于ViewDragHelper需要实现的是平滑,类似Scroller,也需要重写computeScroll方法,上面方法代码为模板代码。

完成以上三步骤后就可以使用ViewDragHelper处理平滑滑动了,下面将使用ViewDragHelper实现一个侧滑菜单

ViewDragHelper实现侧滑菜单

先贴上效果图:

这里写图片描述

(1)首先需要自定义一个ViewGroup,这里继承FrameLayout并在构造方法中初始化ViewDragHelper,代码如下:

public SidePullLayout(@NonNull Context context) {
    this(context,null);
}

public SidePullLayout(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
    this(context, attrs,0);
}

public SidePullLayout(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, @AttrRes int defStyleAttr) {
    super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    init();
}

private void init() {
    mViewDragHelper = ViewDragHelper.create(this,mCallback);
}

(2)创建Callback,需要重写多个方法完成相应的功能

private ViewDragHelper.Callback mCallback = new ViewDragHelper.Callback() {

    @Override
    public void onViewDragStateChanged(int state) {
        super.onViewDragStateChanged(state);
        if(mDrawerListener != null){
            mDrawerListener.onDrawerStateChanged(state);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判断什么时候开始检测触摸事件
     * @param child
     * @param pointerId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean tryCaptureView(View child, int pointerId) {
        // 当触摸的View是MainView时开始检测
        return mMainView == child;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewPositionChanged(View changedView, int left, int top, int dx, int dy) {
        super.onViewPositionChanged(changedView, left, top, dx, dy);
        if(mDrawerListener !=null) {
            float alpha;
            if(left>mMinLeft){
                alpha = 0.6f;
            }else{
                alpha = (mMinLeft-left)*1.0f/mMinLeft;
                if(alpha < 0.6f){
                    alpha = 0.6f;
                }
            }
            mDrawerListener.onDrawerSlide(changedView,alpha);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 拖拽结束后回调
     * @param releasedChild
     * @param xvel
     * @param yvel
     */
    @Override
    public void onViewReleased(View releasedChild, float xvel, float yvel) {
        super.onViewReleased(releasedChild, xvel, yvel);
        // 当手指抬起时,我们让菜单慢慢滑动到合适位置(平滑)
        if(mMainView.getLeft() < mMinLeft){
            // 关闭菜单
            mViewDragHelper.smoothSlideViewTo(mMainView,0,0);
            ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(SidePullLayout.this);
            if(mDrawerListener != null){
                mDrawerListener.onDrawerClosed(releasedChild);
            }
        }else{
            // 打开菜单
            mViewDragHelper.smoothSlideViewTo(mMainView, mMinLeft, mMinLeft /2);
            ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(SidePullLayout.this);
            if(mDrawerListener != null){
                mDrawerListener.onDrawerOpened(releasedChild);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 水平滑动回调方法
     * @param child
     * @param left
     * @param dx
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public int clampViewPositionHorizontal(View child, int left, int dx) {
        if(left <0){
            mLeft = 0;
            return 0;
        }
        mLeft = left;
        return left;
    }

    /**
     * 垂直滑动回调方法
     * @param child
     * @param top
     * @param dy
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public int clampViewPositionVertical(View child, int top, int dy) {
        if(top <0 && mLeft <0 || top > mLeft){
            return 0;
        }else {
            return mLeft / 2;
        }
    }
};

说明:

  1. tryCaptureView方法判断什么时候监听触摸事件,这里表示当触摸的View为内容View的时候开始监听;
  2. clampViewPositionHorizontal方法用来处理水平滑动,这里屏蔽(返回值为0)了left为负的情况,也就是从右往左滑,并记录了left的值;
  3. clampViewPositionVertical方法处理垂直滑动,当滑动为从下往上滑动(top为负)时并且从右往左时或者垂直滑动幅度大于水平滑动幅度时返回0屏蔽垂直滑动,否则将垂直滑动的距离设置为水平滑动值的一半。
  4. onViewReleased方法表示当拖拽的View被释放的时候,也就是手指离开屏幕时回调,这里当水平滑动的距离小于菜单打开时最小距离时回弹,否则滑动到最小距离打开菜单。并回调相应接口事件方法。
  5. onViewPositionChanged表示View的位置改变时回调,可以在这里计算透明度的改变(根据自己的需要)并回调接口事件。
  6. onViewDragStateChanged当拖拽状态改变时回调,可以在这里回调接口事件。

相应的接口为:

public interface DrawerListener{
    void onDrawerSlide(View drawerView, float alpha);
    void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView);
    void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView);
    void onDrawerStateChanged(int newState);
}

(3)重写onFinishInflate,拿到MenuView和MainView的引用

@Override
protected void onFinishInflate() {
    super.onFinishInflate();
    mMenuView = getChildAt(0);
    mMainView = getChildAt(1);
}

(4)重写onSizeChanged,得到菜单View的宽度及认为的最小滑动距离mMinLeft

/**
 * View尺寸发送改变时回调
 * @param w
 * @param h
 * @param oldw
 * @param oldh
 */
@Override
protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
    super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
    mWidth = mMenuView.getMeasuredWidth();
    mMinLeft = mWidth/2;
}

ok,SidePullLayout的完整代码如下:

package com.lt.demo.touchintercept;

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.annotation.AttrRes;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.ViewDragHelper;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;

/**
 * Created by luotong on 2017/9/14.
 */

public class SidePullLayout extends FrameLayout {

    private static final String TAG = "SidePullLayout";

    private ViewDragHelper mViewDragHelper;
    private View mMenuView;
    private View mMainView;
    private int mLeft; // 主View的左边框距离,随拖拽而改变
    private int mWidth; // 菜单View的宽度

    private DrawerListener mDrawerListener;
    private int mMinLeft; // 当菜单打开时,主View最小的左边距离

    public void setDrawerListener(DrawerListener mDrawerListener) {
        this.mDrawerListener = mDrawerListener;
    }

    public SidePullLayout(@NonNull Context context) {
        this(context,null);
    }

    public SidePullLayout(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs,0);
    }

    public SidePullLayout(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, @AttrRes int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init();
    }

    private void init() {
        mViewDragHelper = ViewDragHelper.create(this,mCallback);
    }



    private ViewDragHelper.Callback mCallback = new ViewDragHelper.Callback() {

        @Override
        public void onViewDragStateChanged(int state) {
            super.onViewDragStateChanged(state);
            if(mDrawerListener != null){
                mDrawerListener.onDrawerStateChanged(state);
            }
        }

        /**
         * 判断什么时候开始检测触摸事件
         * @param child
         * @param pointerId
         * @return
         */
        @Override
        public boolean tryCaptureView(View child, int pointerId) {
            // 当触摸的View是MainView时开始检测
            return mMainView == child;
        }

        @Override
        public void onViewPositionChanged(View changedView, int left, int top, int dx, int dy) {
            super.onViewPositionChanged(changedView, left, top, dx, dy);
            if(mDrawerListener !=null) {
                float alpha;
                if(left>mMinLeft){
                    alpha = 0.6f;
                }else{
                    alpha = (mMinLeft-left)*1.0f/mMinLeft;
                    if(alpha < 0.6f){
                        alpha = 0.6f;
                    }
                }
                mDrawerListener.onDrawerSlide(changedView,alpha);
            }
        }

        /**
         * 拖拽结束后回调
         * @param releasedChild
         * @param xvel
         * @param yvel
         */
        @Override
        public void onViewReleased(View releasedChild, float xvel, float yvel) {
            super.onViewReleased(releasedChild, xvel, yvel);
            // 当手指抬起时,我们让菜单慢慢滑动到合适位置(平滑)
            if(mMainView.getLeft() < mMinLeft){
                // 关闭菜单
                mViewDragHelper.smoothSlideViewTo(mMainView,0,0);
                ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(SidePullLayout.this);
                if(mDrawerListener != null){
                    mDrawerListener.onDrawerClosed(releasedChild);
                }
            }else{
                // 打开菜单
                mViewDragHelper.smoothSlideViewTo(mMainView, mMinLeft, mMinLeft /2);
                ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(SidePullLayout.this);
                if(mDrawerListener != null){
                    mDrawerListener.onDrawerOpened(releasedChild);
                }
            }
        }

        /**
         * 水平滑动回调方法
         * @param child
         * @param left
         * @param dx
         * @return
         */
        @Override
        public int clampViewPositionHorizontal(View child, int left, int dx) {
            if(left <0){
                mLeft = 0;
                return 0;
            }
            mLeft = left;
            return left;
        }

        /**
         * 垂直滑动回调方法
         * @param child
         * @param top
         * @param dy
         * @return
         */
        @Override
        public int clampViewPositionVertical(View child, int top, int dy) {
            if(top <0 && mLeft <0 || top > mLeft){
                return 0;
            }else {
                return mLeft / 2;
            }
        }
    };

    /**
     * 给mViewDragHelper判断是否拦截事件
     * @param ev
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        // 将触摸事件交给mViewDragHelper处理
        mViewDragHelper.processTouchEvent(event);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * View尺寸发送改变时回调
     * @param w
     * @param h
     * @param oldw
     * @param oldh
     */
    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
        super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
        mWidth = mMenuView.getMeasuredWidth();
        mMinLeft = mWidth/2;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onFinishInflate() {
        super.onFinishInflate();
        mMenuView = getChildAt(0);
        mMainView = getChildAt(1);
    }

    @Override
    public void computeScroll() {
        if(mViewDragHelper.continueSettling(true)){
            ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(this);
        }
    }

    public interface DrawerListener{
        void onDrawerSlide(View drawerView, float alpha);
        void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView);
        void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView);
        void onDrawerStateChanged(int newState);
    }
}

这里将onInterceptTouchEvent返回值设为true,直接让当前View来拦截触摸事件。

下面编写测代码,布局文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.lt.demo.touchintercept.MainActivity">

    <com.lt.demo.touchintercept.SidePullLayout
        android:id="@+id/sidePullLayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

        <FrameLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:background="@mipmap/bg_menu"
            android:layout_height="match_parent">

            <ListView
                android:id="@+id/listView"
                android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            </ListView>
        </FrameLayout>

        <FrameLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:background="@mipmap/main"
            android:layout_height="match_parent">
        </FrameLayout>
    </com.lt.demo.touchintercept.SidePullLayout>

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.lt.demo.touchintercept;

import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v4.widget.ViewDragHelper;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements SidePullLayout.DrawerListener {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        SidePullLayout sidePullLayout = (SidePullLayout) findViewById(R.id.sidePullLayout);
        sidePullLayout.setDrawerListener(this);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView);
        listView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,new String[]{"新闻中心","应用更新","个人中心","设置"}));
    }

    @Override
    public void onDrawerSlide(View drawerView, float alpha) {
        Log.d(TAG,"onDrawerSlide alpha="+alpha);
        drawerView.setAlpha(alpha);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {
        Log.d(TAG,"onDrawerOpened()");
    }

    @Override
    public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView) {
        Log.d(TAG,"onDrawerClosed()");
    }

    @Override
    public void onDrawerStateChanged(int newState) {
        Log.d(TAG,"onDrawerStateChanged() newState="+newState);
    }
}

Ok,运行测试即可得到相应的效果,当然这里还可以接着完善,在后续的文章中将会继续完善这个组件。

作者:ydxlt 发表于2017/9/16 9:56:48 原文链接
阅读:79 评论:0 查看评论

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