前言
Service作为四大组件之一很多安卓开发者对他肯定是又爱又恨，爱在它可以帮助我们去处理常驻后台的任务操作，比如说推送服务，心跳传输等，恨在当Servcie遇到360、腾讯管家之类的杀毒软件，变得脆弱，很容易被杀死，或者当用户手机锁屏会导致服务暂时停止运行。
我们常用的进程守护的套路无外乎以下几种:
一、提高进程的优先级数值
对于Service被系统回收，一般做法是通过提高优先级可以解决，在AndroidManifest.xml文件中对于intent-filter可以通过Android:priority = “1000”这个属性设置最高优先级，1000是最高值，如果数字越小则优先级越低。
二、改变进程等级
进程的重要性优先级：（越往后的就越容易被系统杀死）
1.前台进程；Foreground process
1）用户正在交互的Activity（onResume（））
2）当某个Service绑定正在交互的Activity。
3）被主动调用为前台Service（startForeground()）
4）组件正在执行生命周期的回调（onCreate()/onStart()/onDestroy()）
5）BroadcastReceiver 正在执行onReceive();
2.可见进程；Visible process
1)我们的Activity处在onPause()（没有进入onStop()）
2)绑定到前台Activity的Service。
3.服务进程；Service process
简单的startService()启动。
4.后台进程；Background process
对用户没有直接影响的进程----Activity出于onStop()的时候。
android:process=":xxx"
5.空进程； Empty process
不含有任何的活动的组件。（android设计的，为了第二次启动更快，采取的一个权衡）三、设置 android:persistent属性为true
< application
android:name="com.test.Application"
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:persistent="true"</span>
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
< /application> 这个属性设置后，的确发现优先级提高不少，或许是相当于系统级的进程，但是还是无法保证存活。
四、onDestory方法内调用广播，重启Service
当service执行了onDestory的时候，发送一个自定义的广播，当收到广播的时候，重新启动service。
<receiver android:name="com.dbjtech.acbxt.waiqin.BootReceiver" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.USER_PRESENT" />
<action android:name="com.dbjtech.waiqin.destroy" />//这个就是自定义的action
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
stopForeground(true);
Intent intent = new Intent("com.dbjtech.waiqin.destroy");
sendBroadcast(intent);
super.onDestroy();
}
public class BootReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if (intent.getAction().equals("com.dbjtech.waiqin.destroy")) {
//TODO
//在这里写重新启动service的相关操作
startUploadService(context);
}
}
} 但是当使用类似于360卫士和腾讯管家等第三方应用或是在setting里-应用-强制停止时，APP进程可能就直接被干掉了，onDestroy方法都进不来，所以还是无法保证存活。
五、监听系统广播判断Service状态
通过系统的一些广播，比如：手机重启、界面唤醒、应用状态改变等等监听并捕获到，然后判断我们的Service是否还存活，记得加权限
<receiver android:name="com.dbjtech.acbxt.waiqin.BootReceiver" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.USER_PRESENT" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PACKAGE_RESTARTED" />
<action android:name="com.dbjtech.waiqin.destroy" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver> 在BroadcastReceiver中：
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if (Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED.equals(intent.getAction())) {
System.out.println("手机开机了....");
startUploadService(context);
}
if (Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT.equals(intent.getAction())) {
startUploadService(context);
}
} 这个方法监听多了会导致Service很混乱，带来诸多麻烦。
六、QQ采取在锁屏的时候启动一个1个像素的Activity，当用户解锁以后将这个Activity结束掉（顺便同时把自己的核心服务再开启一次,接下来就来模拟实现：
//主界面Activity
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
startService(intent);
}
public void jump(View v){
Intent intent = new Intent(this, KeepLiveActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
finish();
}
}
//1个像素的activity
public class KeepLiveActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "kiven";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Log.i(TAG, "KeepLiveActivity----onCreate!!!");
Window window = getWindow();
window.setGravity(Gravity.LEFT|Gravity.TOP);
LayoutParams params = window.getAttributes();
params.height = 1;
params.width = 1;
params.x = 0;
params.y = 0;
window.setAttributes(params);
KeepLiveActivityManager.getInstance(this).setKeepLiveActivity(this);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
Log.i(TAG, "KeepLiveActivity----onDestroy!!!");
}
}
//管理服务的开启与关闭
public class KeepLiveActivityManager {
private static KeepLiveActivityManager instance;
private Context context;
private WeakReference<Activity> activityInstance;
public static KeepLiveActivityManager getInstance(Context context) {
if(instance==null){
instance = new KeepLiveActivityManager(context.getApplicationContext());
}
return instance;
}
private KeepLiveActivityManager(Context context) {
this.context = context;
}
public void setKeepLiveActivity(Activity activity){
activityInstance = new WeakReference<Activity>(activity);
}
public void startKeepLiveActivity() {
Intent intent = new Intent(context, KeepLiveActivity.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
context.startActivity(intent);
}
public void finishKeepLiveActivity() {
if(activityInstance!=null&&activityInstance.get()!=null){
Activity activity = activityInstance.get();
activity.finish();
}
}
}
//屏幕状态监听
public class ScreenListener {
private Context mContext;
private ScreenBroadcastReceiver mScreenReceiver;
private ScreenStateListener mScreenStateListener;
public ScreenListener(Context context) {
mContext = context;
mScreenReceiver = new ScreenBroadcastReceiver();
}
/**
* screen状态广播接收者
*/
private class ScreenBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private String action = null;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
action = intent.getAction();
if (Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON.equals(action)) { // 开屏
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOn();
} else if (Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF.equals(action)) { // 锁屏
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOff();
} else if (Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT.equals(action)) { // 解锁
mScreenStateListener.onUserPresent();
}
}
}
/**
* 开始监听screen状态
*
* @param listener
*/
public void begin(ScreenStateListener listener) {
mScreenStateListener = listener;
registerListener();
getScreenState();
}
/**
* 获取screen状态
*/
private void getScreenState() {
PowerManager manager = (PowerManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
if (manager.isScreenOn()) {
if (mScreenStateListener != null) {
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOn();
}
} else {
if (mScreenStateListener != null) {
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOff();
}
}
}
/**
* 停止screen状态监听
*/
public void unregisterListener() {
mContext.unregisterReceiver(mScreenReceiver);
}
/**
* 启动screen状态广播接收器
*/
private void registerListener() {
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT);
mContext.registerReceiver(mScreenReceiver, filter);
}
public interface ScreenStateListener {// 返回给调用者屏幕状态信息
public void onScreenOn();
public void onScreenOff();
public void onUserPresent();
}
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_USER_PRESENT"/>
} 上面实现了1像素保活，当接受到监听锁屏广播，就会启动这个1个像素的Activity，当监听界面唤醒广播，就结束掉这个1个像素的Activity，要监听锁屏的广播需要使用动态注册的方式(实际项目中不会出现静态注册广播的方式)。
七：双进程守护(重点)
如何让系统或者第三方应用无法杀死进程，除了上面的六种方式，还有的就是一般手机厂商会与app运营商达成合作，加入到白名单，就不会被杀死。这种方式我们一般是很难用的。但是另一种方式双进程守护方式来实现，什么是双进程守护？双进程守护—可以防止单个进程杀死，同时可以防止第三方的360清理掉。一个进程被杀死，另外一个进程又被他启动。相互监听启动。双进程的互相唤醒，就相当于双进程之间要进行互相通信，进程间的通信是通过binder机制，所以这两个进程之间可以通过aidl来实现。
RemoteConnection.aidl
interface RemoteConnection{
String getProcessName();
}
LocalService.java 本地服务
public class LocalService extends Service {
public static final String TAG = "kiven";
private MyBinder binder;
private MyServiceConnection conn;
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return binder;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
if(binder ==null){
binder = new MyBinder();
}
conn = new MyServiceConnection();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
LocalService.this.bindService(new Intent(LocalService.this, RemoteService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 0, intent, 0);
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
builder.setTicker("360")
.setContentIntent(contentIntent)
.setContentTitle("我是360")
.setAutoCancel(true)
.setContentText("hehehe")
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
//把service设置为前台运行，避免手机系统自动杀掉改服务。
startForeground(startId, builder.build());
return START_STICKY;
}
class MyBinder extends RemoteConnection.Stub{
@Override
public String getProcessName() throws RemoteException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return "LocalService";
}
}
class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection{
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.i(TAG, "建立连接成功！");
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(TAG, "RemoteService服务被干掉了~~~~断开连接！");
Toast.makeText(LocalService.this, "断开连接", 0).show();
//启动被干掉的
LocalService.this.startService(new Intent(LocalService.this, RemoteService.class));
LocalService.this.bindService(new Intent(LocalService.this, RemoteService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
}
}
}
RemoteService.java: 远程服务（另一个进程）
public class RemoteService extends Service {
public static final String TAG = "kiven";
private MyBinder binder;
private MyServiceConnection conn;
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return binder;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate();
if(binder ==null){
binder = new MyBinder();
}
conn = new MyServiceConnection();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
RemoteService.this.bindService(new Intent(RemoteService.this, LocalService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 0, intent, 0);
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
builder.setTicker("360")
.setContentIntent(contentIntent)
.setContentTitle("我是360")
.setAutoCancel(true)
.setContentText("hehehe")
.setWhen( System.currentTimeMillis());
//把service设置为前台运行，避免手机系统自动杀掉改服务。
startForeground(startId, builder.build());
return START_STICKY;
}
class MyBinder extends RemoteConnection.Stub{
@Override
public String getProcessName() throws RemoteException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return "LocalService";
}
}
class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection{
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.i(TAG, "建立连接成功！");
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(TAG, "LocalService服务被干掉了~~~~断开连接！");
Toast.makeText(RemoteService.this, "断开连接", 0).show();
//启动被干掉的
RemoteService.this.startService(new Intent(RemoteService.this, LocalService.class));
RemoteService.this.bindService(new Intent(RemoteService.this, LocalService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
}
}
}
MainActivity.java:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
startService(new Intent(this, LocalService.class));
startService(new Intent(this, RemoteService.class));
startService(new Intent(this, JobHandleService.class));
}
}
JobHandleService.java: JobHandlerService的作用是为了防止应用被强制关闭导致服务被杀（实际开发不建议使用，太流氓了）
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public class JobHandleService extends JobService{
private int kJobId = 0;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.i("INFO", "jobService create");
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.i("INFO", "jobService start");
scheduleJob(getJobInfo());
return START_NOT_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
public boolean onStartJob(JobParameters params) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.i("INFO", "job start");
// scheduleJob(getJobInfo());
boolean isLocalServiceWork = isServiceWork(this, "com.kiven.keepliveprocess.LocalService");
boolean isRemoteServiceWork = isServiceWork(this, "com.kiven.keepliveprocess.RemoteService");
// Log.i("INFO", "localSericeWork:"+isLocalServiceWork);
// Log.i("INFO", "remoteSericeWork:"+isRemoteServiceWork);
if(!isLocalServiceWork||
!isRemoteServiceWork){
this.startService(new Intent(this,LocalService.class));
this.startService(new Intent(this,RemoteService.class));
Toast.makeText(this, "process start", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onStopJob(JobParameters params) {
Log.i("INFO", "job stop");
// Toast.makeText(this, "process stop", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
scheduleJob(getJobInfo());
return true;
}
/** Send job to the JobScheduler. */
public void scheduleJob(JobInfo t) {
Log.i("INFO", "Scheduling job");
JobScheduler tm =
(JobScheduler) getSystemService(Context.JOB_SCHEDULER_SERVICE);
tm.schedule(t);
}
public JobInfo getJobInfo(){
JobInfo.Builder builder = new JobInfo.Builder(kJobId++, new ComponentName(this, JobHandleService.class));
builder.setRequiredNetworkType(JobInfo.NETWORK_TYPE_ANY);
builder.setPersisted(true);
builder.setRequiresCharging(false);
builder.setRequiresDeviceIdle(false);
builder.setPeriodic(10);//间隔时间--周期
return builder.build();
}
/**
* 判断某个服务是否正在运行的方法
*
* @param mContext
* @param serviceName
* 是包名+服务的类名（例如：net.loonggg.testbackstage.TestService）
* @return true代表正在运行，false代表服务没有正在运行
*/
public boolean isServiceWork(Context mContext, String serviceName) {
boolean isWork = false;
ActivityManager myAM = (ActivityManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
List<RunningServiceInfo> myList = myAM.getRunningServices(100);
if (myList.size() <= 0) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < myList.size(); i++) {
String mName = myList.get(i).service.getClassName().toString();
if (mName.equals(serviceName)) {
isWork = true;
break;
}
}
return isWork;
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml:
....
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
...
<service android:name="com.kiven.keepliveprocess.LocalService"></service>
<service
android:name="com.kiven.keepliveprocess.RemoteService"
android:process=":remoteprocess"
></service>
<service android:name="com.kiven.keepliveprocess.JobHandleService" android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"></service>
</application>
</manifest>
至此，进程保活的方式介绍完毕，实际上进程保护有很多种方式，需要根据实际的需求去选择适合的方式，一个小建议:不要把app搞的太”流氓”，会导致用户手机用电量飙升，CPU发热，也对用户的体验不好。
作者：hpc19950723 发表于2017/5/3 17:22:29 原文链接
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